Mai ka maʻi ahulau, ʻo ka ʻoihana kālepa a me ka ʻoihana kaʻa i ka haunaele mau. ʻElua mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua piʻi nui ka ukana o ke kai, a i kēia manawa me he mea lā ua hāʻule i loko o ke "kumukūʻai maʻamau" o ʻelua mau makahiki i hala, akā hiki anei i ka mākeke ke hoʻi i ka maʻamau?
ʻIkepili
Ua hoʻomau ka hāʻule ʻana o ka paʻi hou loa o nā pahu ukana ʻehā nui loa o ka honua.
-ʻO ka Shanghai Container Freight Index (SCFI) i kū ma 2562.12 mau helu, ma lalo o 285.5. nā helu mai ka pule i hala, he hāʻule i kēlā me kēia pule he 10.0%, a ua hāʻule no 13 mau pule. Ua emi iho he 43.9% i ka manawa like i ka makahiki i hala.
-Ua hāʻule ʻo Delury's World Container Freight Index (WCI) no 28 mau pule, me ka hoʻopuka hou loa ʻana i ka 5% i ka US $5,378.68 no FEU.
-ʻO ka Baltic Freight Index (FBX) Global Composite Index ma US $ 4,862 / FEU, i lalo e 8% i kēlā me kēia pule.
-ʻO ka Ningbo Export Container Freight Index (NCFI) o ka Ningbo Shipping Exchange i pani ʻia ma 1,910.9 mau helu, ma lalo o 11.6 pākēneka mai ka pule i hala.
Ua hoʻomau ka helu hou o SCFI (9.9) i ka emi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai moku nui.
- Nā ala ala o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau: ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi ka hana o ka mākeke kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka hāʻawi ʻana a me ke koi ʻana i nā kumu kumu, no laila ke hoʻomau nei ka mākeke i ke ʻano o ka uku ukana.
- Ua hāʻule nā kumukūʻai o US West i 3,484/FEU mai $ 3,959 i ka pule i hala, he hāʻule i kēlā me kēia pule he $ 475 a i ʻole 12.0%, me nā kumukūʻai o US West i hōʻea i kahi haʻahaʻa hou mai ʻAukake 2020.
-Ua piʻi nā kumukūʻai o US East i $7,767/FEU mai $8,318 i ka pule i hala, i lalo i $551, a i ʻole 6.6 pākēneka, i kēlā me kēia pule.
Nā kumu
I ka wā o ka maʻi ahulau, ua hoʻopau ʻia nā kaulahao lako a ua ʻoki ʻia kekahi mau lako i kekahi mau ʻāina, ka hopena i ka "hoarding wave" i nā ʻāina he nui, kahi i alakaʻi ai i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka makahiki i hala.
I kēia makahiki, ua hiki ʻole i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka honua a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka noi i ka ʻeli ʻana i nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua o ka mākeke, e hoʻemi ana i nā mea lawe mai ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a hoʻopau paha i nā kauoha no nā waiwai, a ke laha nei ka "order shortages" a puni ka honua.
ʻO Ding Chun, ke kaukaʻi ma ka Institute of World Economics, School of Economics, Fudan University: "Ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka inflation kiʻekiʻe ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i hui pū ʻia e nā hakakā geopolitical, nā pilikia ikaika a me nā maʻi maʻi.
ʻO Kang Shuchun, Luna Hoʻokele o China International Shipping Network: "ʻO ke kaulike ʻole ma waena o ka lako a me ka noi ua alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā kumukūʻai moku."
Ka hopena
I nā hui moku:ke kū nei i ke koi e "hoʻoponopono hou" i nā kumukūʻai aelike, a ua ʻōlelo lākou ua loaʻa iā lākou nā noi mai nā mea nona nā ukana e hoʻemi i ka uku aelike.
No nā ʻoihana home:Ua haʻi ʻo Xu Kai, ka luna ʻike nui o Shanghai International Shipping Research Center, i ka Global Times ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia he ʻano maʻamau ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai moku i ka makahiki i hala, ʻoiai ʻo ka piʻi wikiwiki loa i kēia makahiki he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole, a ʻo ia ka manaʻo nui o nā hui moku i nā loli mākeke. I mea e mālama ai i nā kumukūʻai ukana liner, ke hoʻāʻo nei nā ʻoihana moku e hoʻohana i nā kumukūʻai ukana ma ke ʻano he leverage e pry up koi. ʻO ke kumu o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka noi kaʻa ma ka mākeke ke emi nei ka noi kālepa, a ʻo ka hoʻolālā o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻoki kumukūʻai ʻaʻole ia e lawe mai i kahi koi hou, akā e alakaʻi i ka hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi a me ka haunaele i ka mākeke moana.
No ka lawe ʻana:ʻO ka heluna nui o nā moku hou i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e nā mea nunui moku i hoʻonui i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka lako a me ka noi. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kang Shuchun, ʻo ka nui o nā kumukūʻai ukana i ka makahiki i hala, ua loaʻa i nā ʻoihana moku ka nui o ke kālā, a ua hoʻokomo kekahi mau ʻoihana moku nui i kā lākou waiwai i ka hana moku hou, ʻoiai ma mua o ka maʻi ahulau, ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā moku moku ma mua o ka nui. Ua haʻi ka Wall Street Journal iā Braemar, kahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ikaika a me ka hoʻouna ʻana, e ʻōlelo ana e hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi ʻano moku hou i nā makahiki ʻelua e hiki mai ana a ʻo ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻauwaʻa upena e manaʻo ʻia e ʻoi aku ma mua o 9 pākēneka i ka makahiki aʻe a ma 2024, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka pahu pahu pahu e lilo i mea maikaʻi ʻole i 2023, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka honua.
Ka hopena
ʻO ke kumu o ke koi ʻana o ka mākeke ʻo ka emi ʻana o ka noi kālepa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻolālā o ka hōʻemi kumukūʻai ʻaʻole ia e lawe mai i kahi koi hou, akā e alakaʻi i ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū a hoʻopilikia i ke kauoha o ka mākeke moana.
Akā ʻaʻole ʻo nā kaua kumukūʻai he hopena hoʻomau i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kulekele hoʻololi kumukūʻai a me nā kulekele hoʻokō mākeke ke kōkua i nā ʻoihana e hoʻomau i kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana a loaʻa kahi paʻa mau i ka mākeke; ʻo ke ala kumu wale nō e hoʻomanawanui ai ma ka mākeke ʻo ia ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ala e mālama a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā pae lawelawe a hoʻonui i kā lākou ʻoihana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-22-2022
